TABLE 1. Prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among females aged 14–34 years, by age group and survey years — National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, United States, 2003–2018*
| Age group (yrs) and HPV types |
Prevaccine era 2003–2006 |
2007–2010 |
2011–2014 |
2015–2018 |
Comparison of 2015–2018 with 2003–2006 |
| % (95% CI) |
PR (95% CI) |
aPR (95% CI)† |
| 14–19 |
n = 1,363 |
n = 740 |
n = 797 |
n = 666 |
— |
— |
| 4vHPV§ |
11.5 (9.1–14.4) |
5.0 (3.8–6.6) |
3.3 (1.9–5.8) |
1.1 (0.5–2.4)¶ |
0.10 (0.05–0.21) |
0.12 (0.06–0.26) |
| Additional five types in 9vHPV** |
8.4 (6.6–10.6) |
6.1 (4.4–8.5) |
5.3 (3.4–8.4) |
2.3 (1.3–4.1) |
0.28 (0.15–0.51) |
0.35 (0.18–0.65) |
| Non-4vHPV†† |
31.2 (27.9–34.8) |
25.3 (21.4–29.5) |
25.5 (21.3–30.2) |
20.9 (16.9–25.6) |
0.67 (0.53–0.84) |
0.72 (0.57–0.92) |
| Non-9vHPV§§ |
29.0 (26.0–32.2) |
24.4 (20.8–28.4) |
24.7 (20.6–29.4) |
20.6 (16.6–25.3) |
0.71 (0.57–0.90) |
0.77 (0.61–0.98) |
| 20–24 |
n = 432 |
n = 445 |
n = 442 |
n = 368 |
— |
— |
| 4vHPV§ |
18.5 (14.9–22.8) |
19.9 (15.4–25.3) |
7.2 (4.7–11.1) |
3.3 (1.7–6.3)¶ |
0.18 (0.09–0.35) |
0.19 (0.09–0.40) |
| Additional five types in 9vHPV** |
16.5 (11.3–23.4) |
13.8 (10.2–18.2) |
13.2 (8.8–19.4) |
10.2 (7.2–14.4) |
0.62 (0.38–1.02) |
0.62 (0.38–1.01) |
| Non-4vHPV†† |
50.7 (43.4–58.0) |
57.4 (51.3–63.3) |
55.8 (49.9–61.6) |
49.9 (42.3–57.5) |
0.98 (0.80–1.21) |
0.97 (0.80–1.18) |
| Non-9vHPV§§ |
47.6 (40.7–54.6) |
54.9 (48.9–60.8) |
53.4 (47.8–58.8) |
47.1 (39.7–54.7) |
0.99 (0.80–1.22) |
0.97 (0.79–1.18) |
| 25–29 |
n = 403 |
n = 414 |
n = 395 |
n = 430 |
— |
— |
| 4vHPV§ |
11.8 (8.8–15.6) |
13.1 (10.0–17.2) |
8.8 (6.3–12.1) |
9.1 (5.8–14.0) |
0.77 (0.46–1.29) |
0.85 (0.50–1.46) |
| Additional five types in 9vHPV** |
10.8 (7.3–15.7) |
13.1 (9.7–17.3) |
13.9 (10.5–18.1) |
11.6 (8.1–16.3) |
1.07 (0.64–1.79) |
0.99 (0.58–1.67) |
| Non-4vHPV†† |
43.8 (38.9–48.9) |
48.6 (43.7–53.6) |
43.7 (37.7–49.9) |
45.2 (39.2–51.4) |
1.03 (0.87–1.23) |
1.05 (0.86–1.27) |
| Non-9vHPV§§ |
39.8 (34.8–45.0) |
44.7 (40.0–49.4) |
42.0 (36.2–48.0) |
42.1 (36.6–47.9) |
1.06 (0.88–1.27) |
1.07 (0.88–1.31) |
| 30–34 |
n = 389 |
n = 433 |
n = 433 |
n = 413 |
— |
— |
| 4vHPV§ |
9.5 (6.7–13.2) |
8.9 (6.5–11.9) |
7.1 (5.1–9.9) |
6.2 (4.0–9.5) |
0.65 (0.38–1.11) |
0.67 (0.37–1.21) |
| Additional five types in 9vHPV** |
9.8 (7.1–13.5) |
6.8 (4.7–9.9) |
6.9 (4.6–10.0) |
6.9 (4.4–10.8) |
0.70 (0.41–1.21) |
0.68 (0.37–1.27) |
| Non-4vHPV†† |
44.5 (39.1–50.1) |
37.8 (31.6–44.5) |
39.2 (33.6–45.0) |
34.7 (29.1–40.8) |
0.78 (0.63–0.96) |
0.82 (0.67–1.00) |
| Non-9vHPV§§ |
40.4 (35.0–46.0) |
36.1 (30.3–42.3) |
38.2 (32.7–44.0) |
31.9 (26.6–37.6) |
0.79 (0.64–0.98) |
0.83 (0.67–1.03) |
Abbreviations: aPR = adjusted prevalence ratio; CI = confidence interval; 4vHPV = quadrivalent HPV vaccine; 9vHPV = 9-valent HPV vaccine; PR = prevalence ratio.
* All analyses were weighted using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey examination sample weights.
† Adjustments for aPR: females aged 14–19 years, race/ethnicity and ever had sex; females aged 20–24, 25–29, and 30–34 years, race/ethnicity and number of lifetime sex partners (fewer than three or three or more).
§ HPV 6, 11, 16, or 18.
¶ Relative standard error >30% and ≤50%, considered unstable.
** HPV 31, 33, 45, 52, or 58.
†† Thirty-three HPV types detected using linear array that are not HPV 6, 11, 16, or 18.
§§ Twenty-eight HPV types detected using linear array that are not HPV 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, or 58.
